Here's an overview of the equipment available within Operation Flashpoint:

Small explosive charges that can not only hurt the enemy, but can also cause confusion - breaking up enemy formations.

Smoke Grenades

Squad leaders are usually armed with 2 of these.  Smoke grenades bellow out a thick cloud of smoke which can provide a wall of cover when the time is needed.

Rifle Grenades

Shot from grenade launchers attached to a M16 or AK47, these grenades enable a soldier to quickly launch a grenade at a target. Unlike hand grenades (which take a few seconds to be lobbed) rifle grenades can be fired immediately upon spotting a  threat.

Mortar

Attached to the end of a M16, the mortar can be used against enemy units or cause some damage to light armoured vehicles.

Mines

Any vehicles hitting a mine will be damaged, or flipped over. The trick with land mines is to not place them all on the road since the first Vehicle will be blown up and the rest will move off the road. So place the other two mines to the back and on the left + right sides of the road.

Satchel Charges

Very powerful. Satchel charges can tip over heavy armoured vehicles such as tanks.   A favourite with Black Ops as you can set a 30 second timer on a satchel or "touch off" a bomb - thereby pressing a remote detonator once the soldier is clear of the target.

All 3 charges can be laid then 'touch bombed' all at once.

Night Vision Goggles

Selectable via the action menu (press enter / middle mouse button) or via the hot key N, the night vision gives you an enhanced view of your surroundings.

Mainly found on Black Ops, officers and most vehicle crews.

Binoculars

Very useful for sweeping an area from a distance to spot any potential trouble. If you right click on a target while viewing it via binoculars your report the position of it to the rest of your men.